Licorice Root
Important Disclaimer
This is not medical advice. Consult a qualified healthcare provider before using any remedy, especially if pregnant, breastfeeding, on medication, or managing a health condition.
Overview
Licorice root is one of the most widely used medicinal herbs in the world, with a history spanning over 4,000 years across Chinese, Ayurvedic, Egyptian, and European traditions. Its primary active compound, glycyrrhizin, is 50 times sweeter than sugar and has potent anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and adrenal-supporting properties. Licorice is particularly valued for soothing the digestive tract, supporting respiratory health, and as an adaptogenic herb for adrenal fatigue. Deglycyrrhizinated licorice (DGL) is widely used for ulcers and GERD.
Traditional Use
Licorice root has been used medicinally for over 4,000 years. Ancient Egyptian medical texts describe it as a remedy for coughs and digestive complaints. Chinese medicine (Gan Cao) uses licorice in over 50% of all herbal formulas as a harmonizing herb. In Ayurvedic medicine, licorice (Yashtimadhu) is used for respiratory complaints, digestive disorders, and as a rejuvenating tonic. Ancient Greeks and Romans used it for coughs, asthma, and as a sweetener. Alexander the Great reportedly gave licorice to his soldiers to sustain energy during long marches.
Key Active Compounds
Glycyrrhizin (Glycyrrhizinic Acid)
The primary saponin (2-9% of root), 50x sweeter than sugar. Has potent anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and adrenal-supporting properties. Inhibits cortisol breakdown, effectively raising cortisol levels. Responsible for most side effects at high doses.
Glycyrrhetinic Acid
The active metabolite of glycyrrhizin with anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and hepatoprotective properties.
Flavonoids (Liquiritin, Isoliquiritin)
Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compounds with antidepressant and neuroprotective properties.
Chalcones (Licochalcone A)
Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory compounds with activity against H. pylori and other pathogens.
Evidence-Based Benefits
Digestive soothing and ulcer support
Strong evidenceDGL (deglycyrrhizinated licorice) is clinically proven to heal peptic ulcers and reduce GERD symptoms by stimulating mucus production and protecting the stomach lining. Multiple RCTs confirm effectiveness comparable to antacids.
Respiratory support
Moderate evidenceLicorice soothes irritated mucous membranes, acts as an expectorant, and has antiviral properties. Used for coughs, bronchitis, sore throat, and upper respiratory infections.
Adrenal support
Some studiesGlycyrrhizin inhibits the enzyme that breaks down cortisol, effectively supporting adrenal function. Used for adrenal fatigue, chronic stress, and Addison's disease (under medical supervision).
Antiviral activity
Moderate evidenceGlycyrrhizin has demonstrated antiviral activity against herpes simplex, HIV, hepatitis C, and SARS-CoV in laboratory studies. Used in Japan as an intravenous treatment for chronic hepatitis.
Common Preparation Methods
Licorice Root Tea
Simmer 1 teaspoon of dried licorice root in 2 cups of water for 15 minutes. Strain and drink. Naturally sweet — no sweetener needed.
Dosage: 1-3 cups daily, for no more than 4-6 weeks continuouslyDo not exceed 6 weeks of continuous use without a break. Monitor blood pressure.
DGL Chewable Tablets (for digestive use)
Chew 1-2 DGL tablets (380mg each) 20 minutes before meals. DGL has had glycyrrhizin removed, making it safe for long-term use.
Dosage: 760-1520mg DGL, 3 times daily before mealsDGL is safe for long-term use and does not raise blood pressure. Best form for digestive complaints.
Tincture
Use a 1:5 tincture in 30% alcohol. Take 2-4 ml three times daily.
Dosage: 2-4 ml, 3 times dailyLimit to 4-6 weeks of continuous use. Monitor blood pressure.
Safety & Cautions
Please read carefully before use
Contraindications
- High blood pressure: glycyrrhizin raises blood pressure (use DGL instead)
- Heart disease or edema: may cause fluid retention
- Kidney disease: avoid
- Pregnancy: avoid (may stimulate uterine contractions)
- Hypokalemia (low potassium): may worsen
- Hormone-sensitive conditions: has mild estrogenic effects
Drug Interactions
- Antihypertensives: may reduce effectiveness
- Diuretics: may cause potassium loss
- Corticosteroids: may enhance effects
- Digoxin: potassium loss may increase toxicity
- Warfarin: may reduce effectiveness
Possible Side Effects
- High blood pressure with prolonged use of whole licorice
- Fluid retention and edema
- Potassium depletion (hypokalemia)
- Muscle weakness
- Headache
- DGL form: generally free of these side effects
Special Populations
- Pregnancy: AVOID whole licorice; DGL may be safer but consult provider
- Hypertension: use DGL only
- Heart disease: avoid whole licorice
- Elderly: monitor blood pressure and potassium levels
Sources & References
Phytotherapy Research
Antiviral Research
Quick Reference
Fabaceae
Root, Rhizome, Root extract
Sweet (50x sweeter than sugar), slightly bitter, earthy, anise-like
Safety First
Always consult with a qualified healthcare provider before starting any new remedy, especially if you have existing health conditions or take medications.